Water-tube boiler



(No Model.) V 2'Sheets Sheet 1. G. N. CLEMSON. WATER TUBE BOILER.

Patented Mar. 15, 1898.

(No Model.) 2 SQeBtw-Sheet 2.

G. N. CLEMSON. WATER TUBE BOILER.

No. 600,683. PatentedMar. 15,1898.

llnurn GEORGE N. CLEMSON, OF MIDDLETOWN, NEWV YORK.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,683, dated March 15, 1898. Application filed August 10, 1897- Serial No. 647,726. (No niorlel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE N. CLEMsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Middletown, in the county of Orange and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in W'ater-Tube Boilers, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to that class of steamboilers in which the water circulates between upper and lower drums through tubes arranged partlyfor the generation of steam and partly to maintain a free circulation of water upwardly and downwardly between the drums, and the present improvements are particularly applicable to the boiler shown in John J. Hogans patent, No. 520,882, granted January 5, 18 94. The boilers constructed under that patent have heretofore been made of considerable height in proportion to the width, and the grate has been extended the whole length of the steam-drum a considerable distance below the same to include all the steaming-tubes in the combustion-chamber, and the gases have commonly been discharged from the boiler through a smokechamber formed between the boiler-casing and a shield applied to the exterior of the tubes used for upward circulation. The tubes used for downward circulation have been heretofore placed in such smoke-chamber, and the shield has been perforated near the top of the combustion-chamber to lead the gases into such smoke-chamber, where they necessarily heat in some degree the tubes used for downward circulation.

forms a dead air-space between such watertubes and the casing, in which dead-space tubes for downward circulation are arranged and wholly protected from the radiant heat middle line 3 3.

of the fire and from-contact with the heated gases.

By the present construction the height of the boiler is greatly reduced, so that it may be located in cellars and ordinary apartments and the requisite power secured by changing the proportions of the boiler in other respects.

The invention will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a boiler provided with the improvements and the front end of the casing removed at the right of the Fig. 2 is a plan of the boiler with the top of the casing removed above the line 2 2 in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 isa longitudinal section taken on the line 3 3 in Fig. 1 with part of the tubes D broken away.

' A designates the steam-drum; B, the distributing-drums; O, the steaming-tubes; D, the tubes for upward water circulation, and E the tubes for downward circulation.

F designates the grate; G, the sides of the casing; G,the front; G the rear of the easing, and G the top, which is perforated near the rear end for the smoke-pipes H, provided one at each side of the steam-drum;

I designates the bridge-Wall at the back of the furnace, and ,J a downwardly-hangin g wall at the rear of the same.

The drums B lie above the level of the grate, and the tubes 0 are extended inwardly from such drum and thence upwardly into the steam-drum and are inserted in the drums in such manner as to intercept the space upon various lines and thus lie in the path of the heated gases, whether they are rising from the grate in the furnace or moving backwardly past the hanging wall, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3.

A shield K, which in practice is formed of fire-brick supported upon iron bars, is arranged at the outer side of the tubes D, being extended upwardly from the top of each drum B-and then laterally to the opposite sides of the drum A and forming a dead airspace L within the casing at its sides and top. The shield is formed with smoke-outlets in the top at each side of the drum A, and smoke-pipes I'I extend from the same through the dead airspace and through the casing to connect with the chimney-flue. The downward tubes E connect the steam and distributing drums through such dead-space, and as there is no opening through the shield into such space there is no circulation of the heated gases therein to actively heat the downward tubes E. The upward circulating tubes D are formed of two sets of pipes inserted in the drums at a little distance apart, but bent intermediate to their ends to form a close wall of tubes in contact with the shield, the alternate tubes being omitted beneath the rear end of the shield, as shown at the right-hand end of Fig. 3, to permit the passage of the escaping gases upwardly into the smoke-pipe H. The downward tubes E are also omitted outside the rear end of the shield to avoid intersecting the smoke-pipe where it passes through the dead air-space.

The bridge-wall I at the rear of the furnace operates to deflect the gases upwardly among the tubes 0 in their passage over the wall.

The hanging wall J is extended downwardly from the steam-drum, being supported upon.

an iron beam J, which is extended across the smoke-space behind the bridge-wall just over the tops of the distrib uting-drums. The hanging wall wholly fills the space beneath the shield D for 'a sufficient depth to deflect the gases downwardly below the tubes 0, the gases then movingupwardlythrough the rear group of tubes in their passage to the smoke-outlets. The arrows a show the passage of the gases upwardly to the first group of tubes in the furnace. The arrows a show the passage of the gases downwardly through the second group, and the arrows a show their direction upwardly through the third group.

The extension of the bridge-wall I upwardly and of the deflecting-wall downwardly between the tubes C and D necessitates theconnection of the tubes with the drums in groups, with certain interspaces adapted to receive the walls I and J, and it is obvious that the tubes may be divided into a greater number of groups by additional bridge-walls and de-- fleeting-walls inserted in the rear of the deflecting-wall J.

The class of boilers illustrated is designed to furnish a large amount of horsepower within a very small space and to obviate the necessity of greatly elevating the steam-drum to secure a suitable length and exposed surface of the heating-tubes. To secure these objects most effectively, the ,distributingdrums B are set a long way apart, so that the steaming-tubes C may have a considerable run in a nearly horizontal direction before they are turned upwardly to the steam-drum,

and they are thus exposed most effectively to.

the radiant heat of the horizontal bed of fuel upon the grate F.

By the subdivision of the tubes into the groups and the extension of one or more bridge-walls and deflecting-walls upwardly and downwardly within the groups the gases are prevented from escaping to the chimney until they have conveyed their heat to the water, as they are brought into contact with the different tubes more completely than if they were allowed direct course to the smokeoutlet.

In the present construction the drums are necessarily made of suitable length, so that the tubes in the several groups may extract the heat from the gases in their passage through the casing among the tubes, a suitable number of groups and division-walls being used to retain the gases in contact with the tubes until the heat is properly utilized.

The top of the casing is shown provided with two smoke-outlets, one at each side of the steam-drum, to distribute the gases uniformly among the tubes in the rear group; but the smoke-outlets may be arranged in any suitable position and made of any desired number.

Having thus set forth the invention, what I claim herein is 1. The combination, with a suitable casin g, of the boiler having the steam-drum A at the top, the grate A with distributing-drum B at the edge of the same, steaming-tubes 0 extended from the distributing-drum inwardly over the grate and then upwardly into the steam-drum, the shield K extended first upwardly and then inwardly to the steam-drum over the said water-tubes, the row of tubes E for downward circulation connecting the steam-drum with the water-drum upon the opposite side of such shield,the casing G forming with the shield a dead air-space about such tubes, in which space they maybe inspected and repaired, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination, with a suitable casing, of a boiler having the steam-drum A at the top, the grate F with distributing-drums B at opposite edges of the same, the tubes 0 for steaming, and upward circulation, extended inwardly from the distributing-drums over the grate and then upwardly into the steamdrum, the shields K extended upwardly from the distributing-drums and then inwardly to IIO the opposite sides of the steam-drum over the said steaming-tubes, the tubes E for downward circulation at each side of the boiler connecting the steam-drum with the waterdrums at the outer sides of the shields, smokeoutlets through such shields and casing, and the casing forming with the said shields dead air-spaces about the tubes E, in which spaces they may be inspected, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination, with asuitable casing, of a boiler having a steam-drumA at the top, a grate beneath the forward end of the steamdrum, with distributing-drums B, at opposite sides of the grate,tubesfor steaming extended inwardly from the distributingdrums and thence upwardly into the steam-drum, watertubes for upward circulation connecting the drumsoutside of the steaming-tubes, a shield extended above the said tubes, downwardcirculation tubes connecting the steam-drum with the water-drums in the space between the casing and such shield, a bridge-wall to deflect the gases upward at the rear end of the grate, a hanging wall in the rear of such bridge-wall to deflect the gases downward, and a smoke outlet or outlets from the casing in the rear of such hanging wall, substantially as herein set forth.

4:. The combination, with a suitable casing, of aboiler having the steam-drum A at the top, and distributing-drums B below the opposite sides of the same with a grate between the forward ends only of such distributing-drums, water-tubes for steaming, and water-tubes for upward circulation extended from the distributing-dru ms in a close wall upwardly into the steam-drum throughout the length of said drums excepting near the rear end,such watertubes being separated at the rear end to allow the upward passage of the gases, ashield extended over the water-tubes forming the close wall, tubes for downward circulation connecting the steam-drum with the water-drums in the dead-space between the casing and such shield, a bridge-wall at the rear end of the grate, a smoke outlet or outlets in the casing above the separated water-tubes, and one or more hanging walls between the bridge-wall and the smoke-outlets, such walls operating to divide the water-tubes into groups and to deflect the gases upwardly and downwardly through the successive groups, in their passage to the smoke-outlet, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a suitable casing, of a boiler having the steam-drum A at the top, and distributingdrums below the opposite sides of the same with a grate between the forward ends only of such distributin g-drums, steaming-tubes extended inwardly from the distributing-drums and thence upward into the steam-drum, watentubes for upward circulation connecting the drums outside of such steaming-tubes, and all of such tubes divided into groups with transverse interspaces as de-,

scribed, a shield extended over said watertubes, tubes for downward circulation con- GEORGE N. CLEMSON.

lVitnesses:

H. H. BLANCHARD, F. B. HATHAWAY. 

